Síndrome hipereosinofílica: avanços diagnósticos, classificação atual e manejo terapêutico

Abstract

Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES) comprises a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by persistent eosinophilia associated with eosinophil-mediated organ damage in the absence of identifiable secondary causes. Recent advances in molecular biology have reshaped the understanding of HES, allowing recognition of clonal, reactive, and idiopathic variants, as well as improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This review explores the contemporary classification of HES, its clinical manifestations, diagnostic approach, hematologic and imaging findings, and current treatment modalities — including corticosteroids, targeted therapy such as imatinib, and anti-IL-5 biologics. The review includes PubMed-indexed literature and UpToDate reference material published between 2010 and 2024. Early detection and precise classification are essential for reducing morbidity and optimizing outcomes.