Síndrome de Takotsubo Isolada do Ventrículo Direito: uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

Takotsubo syndrome is a condition characterized by acute transient ventricular systolic dysfunction, which in its typical presentation affects the left ventricle and is often indistinguishable from acute myocardial infarction. However, in recent years, several case reports of isolated right ventricular involvement have been reported. Although previously considered a benign and self-limiting condition, these patients have high morbidity and mortality with high rates of subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events that approach those of patients with acute coronary syndrome. Its pathophysiology remains unknown and, although catecholamine-induced myocardial injury is the most widely accepted theory at the moment, different pathways and mechanisms continue to be studied. Thus, due to the poor understanding of its pathophysiology coupled with the few described cases of isolated right ventricular involvement, the present literature lacks well-established protocols and therapies for the management of the acute event and reduction of long-term recurrence. The present study aims to discuss isolated right ventricular takotsubo syndrome, its various forms of clinical presentation and diagnostic approach, so that this pathology is present among the differential diagnoses of acute coronary syndrome.