Perfil de saúde e nutrição de mulheres com covid-19 na gestação atendidas em uma maternidade pública do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

Objective: To describe the prevalence of COVID-19 during pregnancy/immediate postpartum and the repercussions on maternal health and conditions at birth. Methods: Pilot study carried out with postpartum women treated in the postpartum period in a public maternity hospital. Adopted inclusion criteria: adults (age ≥18 years), hospitalized within 24 hours oostpartum, having received prenatal care and carrying a single fetus. The severity of COVID-19 was classified as asymptomatic; mild, moderate and severe symptomatic according to the symptoms. Student's t-tests were used to compare 2 means, Chi-square test to analyze the association between variables, and bivariate Pearson correlation, with statistical significance of p<0.05. Results: 166 postpartum women with a mean age of 27.42 ± 5.85 years were studied. The prevalence of COVID-19 during pregnancy was equivalent to 8.4% (n=14). Regarding severity, 71.4% (n=10) were clinically classified as mild, 21.4% moderate (n=3) and 7.1% as severe (n=1). Postpartum women who had COVID-19 during pregnancy had a lower average gestational weight gain (6.83, standard deviation – SD =5.20). Newborns born to mothers with COVID-19 during pregnancy had a lower mean head circumference, significantly correlated with gestational weight gain (r=0.16; p=0.04). Postpartum women classified as moderate/severe had a higher average number of abortions (1.50, SD =1.00). Conclusion: This study demonstrated impaired gestational weight gain and newborn head circumference in pregnant women with COVID-19. The findings encourage a different perspective when pregnant or postpartum women are exposed to COVID-19, due to the impact on maternal health and conditions at birth.