Prevalência de picamalácia e associação com desfechos obstétricos e perinatais em mulheres com diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG)

Abstract

Objective: to analyze the prevalence of pica, the most commonly used atypical substances and combinations and their association with obstetric and perinatal outcomes in women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: cohort study, based on database analysis. We included 529 adult pregnant women, attended at a public maternity hospital in Rio de Janeiro between 2011 and 2014, with a single fetus pregnancy, without other comorbidities and with availability information on the practice of pica, according to a validated interview. The variables studied were: pica; glycemic control; anemia; adequacy of gestational gain and birth weight. In the statistical analysis, the t-Student and chi-square tests were used, with a significance level of p<0.05. A multivariate logistic regression model was conducted and odds ratios (OR) adjusted and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were estimated. Results: The prevalence of pica was 6.8% (n=36). It was associated with higher mean weekly weight gain in the 3rd trimester (0.56 kg, SD = 1.34; 0.35 kg, SD = 0.32; p-0.04); in addition to 20% of pregnant women presenting anemia in the 1st trimester (p=0.02) and 14.6% in the 3rd trimester (p<0.001). After logistic regression, pica was associated with the occurrence of macrosomia (adjusted OR 3.34, 95% CI = 1.05-10.67). Conclusion: it is suggested that the investigation of pica in prenatal care is important, with training of the team for a correct diagnosis in order to avoid the occurrence of excessive gestational weight gain and macrosomia.