Projeto orla fluvial (PROFluvio) : uma metodologia em defesa da preservação e requalificação de rios no Brasil

Abstract

Recent reports about climate change indicate that it is necessary to be aware of what happens to the water resources. They also reinforce the idea of a closer interaction among community and natural resources, especially rivers, and the need of community engagement for its preservation. The objective of this thesis is to present a proposal for the preservation of rivers, supported by morphological and hydrological analysis, climate warnings, revision of laws, concepts of waterfront requalification, identification of degradation levels and history of floodplain occupation and flooding. In this thesis, the Sesmaria River basin was chosen as a case of study. Through the development of this case, it was identified the need for improvement of the legislation to clarify the domain of rivers and riverside. Furthermore, this study exposes the flaws of the current water resources management model. In addition, this thesis presents new possibilities of institutional arrangements with the application of an Integrated Management Plan (PGI - Plano de Gerenciamento Integrado) in the fluvial territory. This plan also suggests new attributions for the Brazilian Army similar to the ones applied to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). In the case of study, innovative solutions were developed to categorize the river and its sections and to define the size of the priority area. This area was chosen as the target to identify the risks of degradation in the river and to apply the Preliminary Risk Analyses (PRA) as a tool for the preservation of the fluvial territory. Finally, the methodology presented in this thesis is applicable to others basins, but it is necessary to take into consideration their own characteristics.